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- **********************************************
- * Nucleoside diphosphate kinases active site *
- **********************************************
-
- Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (EC 2.7.4.6) (NDK) [1] are enzymes required for
- the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates (NTP) other than ATP. They provide
- NTPs for nucleic acid synthesis, CTP for lipid synthesis, UTP for
- polysaccharide synthesis and GTP for protein elongation, signal transduction
- and microtubule polymerization.
-
- In eukaryotes, there seems to be a small family of NDK isozymes each of which
- acts in a different subcellular compartment and/or has a distinct biological
- function. Eukaryotic NDK isozymes are hexamers of two highly related chains (A
- and B) [2]. By random association (A6, A5B...AB5, B6), these two kinds of
- chain form isoenzymes differing in their isoelectric point.
-
- NDK are proteins of 17 Kd that act via a ping-pong mechanism in which a
- histidine residue is phosphorylated, by transfer of the terminal phosphate
- group from ATP. In the presence of magnesium, the phosphoenzyme can transfer
- its phosphate group to any NDP, to produce an NTP.
-
- NDK isozymes have been sequenced from prokaryotic and eukaryotic sources. It
- has also been shown [3] that the Drosophila awd (abnormal wing discs) protein,
- is a microtubule-associated NDK. Mammalian NDK is also known as metastasis
- inhibition factor nm23.
-
- The sequence of NDK has been highly conserved through evolution. There is a
- single histidine residue conserved in all known NDK isozymes, which is
- involved in the catalytic mechanism [2]. Our signature pattern contains this
- residue.
-
- -Consensus pattern: N-x(2)-H-G-S-D-[SA]-[LIVMPN]
- [H is the putative active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
- -Last update: June 1994 / Pattern and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Parks R., Agarwal R.
- (In) The Enzymes (3rd edition) 8:307-334(1973).
- [ 2] Gilles A.-M., Presecan E., Vonica A., Lascu I.
- J. Biol. Chem. 266:8784-8789(1991).
- [ 3] Biggs J., Hersperger E., Steeg P.S., Liotta L.A., Shearn A.
- Cell 63:933-940(1990).
-